Correct PPE for every task and LOTO protocol in 3 seconds.

Mandatory PPE depends on the specific hazards identified in the risk assessment for each task. For welding: face shield with appropriate shade lens (EN 169), heat-resistant gloves (EN 12477), flame-retardant clothing (ISO 11611), safety footwear (EN ISO 20345), and respiratory protection if ventilation is insufficient (EN 14594). For grinding: face shield (EN 166), anti-vibration gloves (EN ISO 10819), hearing protection if noise exceeds 80 dB(A) (EN 352). IgeraIndustria cross-references the task-specific risk assessment with the applicable EN standards to provide the exact PPE specification required, including protection class and certification marking.

According to ISO 45001:2018 cl.3.35, an incident is a work-related occurrence that could or does result in injury or ill health. An accident is a subset of incident — specifically one where injury or ill health occurs. A near-miss (or near-hit) is an incident where no injury or damage occurred but had the potential to do so. This distinction is critical for OSHA recordkeeping and ISO 45001 compliance: organizations must investigate all incidents (including near-misses) under cl.10.2, not just accidents where someone was hurt. Underreporting near-misses is one of the most common non-conformities in ISO 45001 audits, as it prevents the organization from identifying and eliminating hazards before they cause harm.

Confined space entry requires a formal permit-to-work system. The protocol includes: (1) hazard identification — atmospheric testing for oxygen deficiency (below 19.5%), flammable gases (below 10% LEL) and toxic substances; (2) isolation and lockout/tagout (LOTO) of all energy sources; (3) continuous atmospheric monitoring during entry; (4) rescue plan with trained rescue team on standby before entry begins; (5) entry permit signed by the responsible person specifying duration, entrants, attendant, and emergency contacts. OSHA 29 CFR 1910.146 and EN 15258 define the minimum requirements. IgeraIndustria can retrieve the full permit-to-work template and the specific atmospheric thresholds applicable to each type of confined space.

ISO 45001:2018 audits cover all 10 clauses of the standard. The most scrutinized areas are: cl.6.1 (hazard identification and risk assessment — methodology must be documented and consistently applied), cl.6.1.3 (legal and other requirements register — must be current and accessible), cl.8.1.3 (management of change — evidence of safety review before process changes), cl.10.2 (incident investigation — records of all incidents including near-misses, root cause analysis, corrective actions and follow-up). Auditors verify that worker consultation mechanisms (cl.5.4) are operational — not just documented — and that leading safety indicators (inspections, training completions, near-miss reports) are tracked alongside lagging indicators (accidents, lost-time injuries).

An emergency response plan under ISO 45001 cl.8.2 must cover: identification of potential emergency situations (fire, chemical spill, medical emergency, explosion), specific response procedures for each scenario, roles and responsibilities of emergency response team members, evacuation routes and assembly points, emergency contact list (internal and external: fire brigade, poison control, hospital), communication protocol (alarms, notification of authorities), first-aid resources (AEDs, eyewash stations, spill kits) and their locations, training and drill frequency (minimum annually), and post-emergency review process to update the plan. The plan must be tested through drills, and drill records (date, participants, findings, improvements) are required as documented information under cl.8.2.

Contractor safety coordination under ISO 45001 cl.8.1.4.2 requires: pre-qualification safety evaluation of contractors before awarding work (reviewing their safety management system, accident history, training records); a site induction covering site hazards, emergency procedures, PPE requirements and permit-to-work system; coordination meetings when multiple contractors work simultaneously on shared areas or on the same equipment; contractor work permits specifying scope, duration, hazards, controls and authorized personnel; regular supervision and safety inspections of contractor activities; incident reporting obligations — contractors must report all incidents occurring on site; and periodic performance review of contractor safety KPIs. Many ISO 45001 non-conformities arise from failing to apply the same rigour to contractor management as to direct employees.